Table 4 Dietary intakes of study participants by quartile (Q) categories of dietary pattern scoresa
From: Dietary patterns in relation to glioma: a case–control study
High protein dietary pattern score | Vegetarian dietary pattern score | Western dietary pattern score | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (lowest) (n = 96) | Q2 (n = 96) | Q3 (n = 96) | Q4 (highest) (n = 96) | P-valueb | Q1 (lowest) (n = 96) | Q2 (n = 96) | Q3 (n = 96) | Q4 (highest) (n = 96) | P-valueb | Q1 (lowest) (n = 96) | Q2 (n = 96) | Q3 (n = 96) | Q4 (highest) (n = 96) | P-valueb | |
Controls | |||||||||||||||
Total energy | 2341.7 (422.3) | 2446.3 (588.2) | 2644.5 (800.1) | 2764.3 (884.5) | 0.011 | 2248.0 (735.7) | 2403.2 (576.1) | 2526.9 (511.9) | 2928.6 (828.2) | < 0.001 | 2255.3 (480.0) | 2406.3 (516.1) | 2608.1 (747.3) | 3079.4 (870.3) | < 0.001 |
Vegetables | 246.7 (60.4) | 263.5 (81.1) | 280.1 (73.4) | 288.5 (110.2) | 0.594 | 197.1 (44.5) | 226.1 (34.0) | 274.0 (51.2) | 355.5 (87.1) | < 0.001 | 277.6 (87.4) | 262.1 (81.9) | 247.2 (67.6) | 297.6 (96.3) | 0.011 |
Fruits | 334.4 (132.8) | 351.6 (111.6) | 362.0 (119.7) | 400.8 (131.8) | 0.431 | 248.8 (76.4) | 324.4 (93.7) | 368.5 (80.6) | 470.4 (121.2) | < 0.001 | 371.8 (125.3) | 334.4 (122.1) | 339.7 (100.9) | 411.9 (138.5) | 0.121 |
Dairies | 333.6 (136.4) | 342.8 (116.4) | 385.8 (133.0) | 425.9 (125.2) | 0.012 | 317.9 (126.7) | 364.1 (121.0) | 357.5 (112.2) | 434.1 (138.5) | 0.011 | 387.4 (129.2) | 345.7 (104.2) | 358.1 (117.0) | 403.8 (168.1) | 0.049 |
grains | 611.5 (163.9) | 609.0 (172.7) | 605.9 (202.1) | 590.7 (226.5) | < 0.001 | 573.1 (149.6) | 587.9 (190.4) | 609.0 (168.9) | 634.0 (236.2) | 0.669 | 473.2 (138.5) | 590.6 (153.2) | 635.0 (147.0) | 758.3 (218.3) | < 0.001 |
Meats | 55.7 (15.9) | 69.2 (19.9) | 77.9 (21.7) | 104.1 (71.1) | < 0.001 | 75.3 (22.2) | 72.2 (26.6) | 72.1 (21.3) | 89.0 (70.2) | 0.393 | 63.6 (20.1) | 79.7 (20.0) | 72.0 (25.2) | 100.4 (78.3) | 0.086 |
Non-healthy oils | 30.5 (16.7) | 16.3 (14.7) | 13.9 (11.6) | 12.6 (10.4) | < 0.001 | 9.7 (8.6) | 17.8 (15.6) | 21.4 (15.6) | 19.6 (15.3) | < 0.001 | 7.1 (6.2) | 13.2 (10.6) | 21.9 (13.7) | 31.9 (15.6) | < 0.001 |
Legumes | 37.1 (15.3) | 40.3 (14.6) | 42.4 (20.0) | 43.8 (23.2) | 0.901 | 27.6 (10.1) | 34.3 (13.9) | 41.2 (13.1) | 55.9 (20.8) | < 0.001 | 42.4 (19.7) | 40.4 (19.0) | 37.3 (16.4) | 44.2 (19.1) | 0.201 |
Proteins | 86.1 (17.5) | 91.7 (20.1) | 97.5 (23.1) | 110.5 (43.8) | 0.001 | 85.4 (16.7) | 91.0 (21.2) | 95.3 (18.9) | 111.2 (42.6) | 0.532 | 86.6 (17.8) | 93.2 (19.5) | 95.4 (20.5) | 11.6 (46.9) | 0.288 |
Carbohydrates | 393.0 (79.5) | 400.3 (110.4) | 427.8 (162.4) | 421.5 (137.5) | < 0.001 | 364.1 (157.5) | 394.5 (108.8) | 411.3 (89.3) | 458.1 (136.1) | 0.001 | 345.8 (75.5) | 387.9 (92.5) | 435.2 (155.9) | 499.0 (130.6) | < 0.001 |
Fats | 53.3 (13.3) | 61.1 (18.5) | 67.6 (17.2) | 79.8 (25.9) | < 0.001 | 56.4 (15.9) | 58.7 (16.9) | 63.3 (17.1) | 81.2 (24.2) | 0.001 | 67.5 (20.3) | 61.9 (16.3) | 61.2 (19.3) | 74.0 (28.0) | < 0.001 |
Cholesterol | 197.6 (77.3) | 209.1 (71.0) | 234.7 (92.3) | 292.3 (183.9) | 0.009 | 211.1 (83.2) | 198.6 (72.2) | 232.1 (75.8) | 283.9 (180.6) | 0.271 | 194.4 (71.0) | 208.3 (67.9) | 243.2 (87.6) | 309.8 (197.4) | 0.449 |
Vitamin A | 1068.6 (327.3) | 1278.9 (416.0) | 1479.7 (470.5) | 1785.4 (1087.8) | < 0.001 | 1111.7 (355.9) | 1134.2 (363.0) | 1382.3 (416.5) | 1896.8 (992.4) | < 0.001 | 1364.6 (597.0) | 1416.5 (630.3) | 1349.2 (619.6) | 1570.1 (952.4) | 0.409 |
Beta-carotene | 791.8 (308.2) | 942.2 (350.8) | 1104.9 (442.2) | 1346.5 (987.2) | < 0.001 | 805.7 (300.5) | 817.9 (317.7) | 1028.8 (375.2) | 1455.3 (908.8) | < 0.001 | 1045.2 (528.3) | 1097.9 (615.0) | 987.2 (554.8) | 1107.9 (815.3) | 0.293 |
Vitamin E | 3.4 (1.6) | 4.9 (2.5) | 6.3 (2.8) | 7.3 (3.0) | < 0.001 | 5.0 (2.7) | 5.5 (3.1) | 5.2 (2.6) | 6.4 (3.1) | 0.479 | 6.0 (2.8) | 5.7 (2.7) | 4.9 (2.8) | 5.6 (3.4) | < 0.001 |
Vitamin C | 123.1 (43.2) | 133.2 (42.8) | 163.7 (200.9) | 151.3 (59.4) | 0.540 | 96.3 (20.5) | 117.5 (25.0) | 161.5 (197.3) | 181.9 (54.5) | 0.008 | 139.6 (43.4) | 151.8 (205.8) | 130.7 (37.9) | 154.1 (63.7) | 0.223 |
Calcium | 981.5 (226.7) | 1034.5 (255.7) | 1148.2 (296.2) | 1292.2 (380.3) | < 0.001 | 967.4 (258.1) | 1073.3 (260.3) | 1112.6 (249.50 | 1269.7 (389.5) | 0.279 | 1077.5 (254.9) | 1039.9 (273.9) | 1092.9 (223.1) | 1296.3 (448.1) | 0.084 |
Cases | |||||||||||||||
Total energy | 2450.9 (501.8) | 2503.7 (565.2) | 2653.6 (508.7) | 2773.4 (648.8) | 0.217 | 2394.8 9579.00 | 2617.9 (481.2) | 2594.1 (409.9) | 2909.2 (699.2) | 0.002 | 2509.1 (441.2) | 2414.8 (493.3) | 2439.9 (538.3) | 2888.7 (584.3) | 0.001 |
Vegetables | 240.1 (84.0) | 272.85 (98.4) | 256.6 (61.4) | 265.1 (71.1) | 0.424 | 188.3 (48.6) | 249.3 (35.6) | 285.9 (42.1) | 370.8 (79.6) | < 0.001 | 250.0 (69.8) | 247.6 (78.8) | 251.4 (72.7) | 270.7 (91.6) | 0.982 |
Fruits | 324.6 (105.1) | 327.8 (114.3) | 318.5 (60.7) | 344.0 (112.6) | 0.712 | 269.2 (71.3) | 327.9 (70.1) | 357.4 (89.7) | 413.3 9 (130.6) | < 0.001 | 310.9 (67.9) | 320.6 (117.4) | 305.8 (91.3) | 363.9 (98.8) | 0.291 |
Dairies | 305.2 (125.4) | 284.4 (88.8) | 339.3 (98.3) | 364.9 (132.0) | 0.101 | 275.9 (117.2) | 337.3 (98.6) | 332.3 (102.9) | 384.3 (134.3) | 0.063 | 322.0 (102.9) | 330.8 (121.4) | 318.9 (130.5) | 320.0 (112.1) | 0.440 |
grains | 733.3 (216.4) | 724.1 (260.6) | 698.6 (186.7) | 687.9 (219.5) | < 0.001 | 689.2 (227.9) | 721.1 (222.9) | 682.1 (178.6) | 794.2 (222.0) | 0.237 | 667.9 (220.1) | 660.5 (184.5) | 665.2 (193.2) | 831.9 (217.2) | 0.322 |
Meats | 59.8 (24.8) | 72.0 (22.5) | 83.9 (22.6) | 119.6 (41.5) | < 0.001 | 84.5 (48.6) | 73.9 (25.5) | 84.3 (23.7) | 84.6 (36.9) | 0.223 | 82.9 (29.8) | 70.7 (31.1) | 78.8 (35.1) | 92.2 (42.3) | 0.153 |
Non-healthy oils | 38.1 (12.6) | 23.1 (15.8) | 17.1 (17.6) | 12.8 (10.7) | < 0.001 | 22.4 (15.7) | 24.5 (18.8) | 26.6 (19.5) | 25.3 (16.5) | 0.899 | 7.1 (8.3) | 16.1 (12.1) | 24.5 (14.9) | 40.4 (13.1) | < 0.001 |
Legumes | 37.0 (25.5) | 35.6 (21.9) | 33.4 (17.4) | 41.2 (20.3) | 0.557 | 27.1 (17.4) | 31.9 (17.0) | 48.4 (21.3) | 49.7 (26.1 | < 0.001 | 42.5 (19.1) | 28.9 (17.6) | 34.0 (21.9) | 42.8 (24.40 | 0.124 |
Proteins | 88.5 (15.4) | 95.8 (19.00 | 102.4 (22.1) | 110.9 (24.8) | < 0.001 | 91.7 (21.2) | 97.9 (21.0) | 100.8 (19.1) | 109.9 (23.7) | 0.742 | 106.2 (22.6) | 91.2 (17.2) | 92.4 (23.6) | 105.4 (19.8) | < 0.001 |
Carbohydrates | 426.9 (98.1) | 413.7 (100.3) | 431.3 (96.5) | 427.2 (117.7) | < 0.001 | 386.8 (96.7) | 434.8 (99.5) | 429.0 (74.5) | 486.7 (123.1) | 0.708 | 401.0 (94.1) | 390.1 (81.4) | 401.9 (97.0) | 488.6 (99.7) | 0.017 |
Fats | 50.1 (11.8) | 59.3 (18.6) | 65.5 (15.5) | 77.7 (18.1) | < 0.001 | 59.7 (22.0) | 62.0 (15.2) | 60.6 (13.6) | 68.1 (22.3) | 0.941 | 64.0 (11.8) | 60.9 (20.6) | 58.1 (15.8) | 64.8 (22.0) | 0.046 |
Cholesterol | 177.2 (76.9) | 237.5 (93.2) | 262.7 (86.5) | 364.1 (210.7) | < 0.001 | 272.9 (176.1) | 240.4 (137.2) | 244.1 (98.2) | 238.5 (123.8) | 0.055 | 267.3 (194.7) | 215.8 (66.6) | 228.2 (94.1) | 294.6 (177.4) | 0.385 |
Vitamin A | 1168.7 (548.5) | 1297.6 (466.5) | 1311.4 (388.7) | 1666.1 (787.6) | 0.017 | 1010.1 (468.2) | 1327.1 (394.4) | 1694.6 (566.4) | 1566.4 (767.4) | < 0.001 | 1410.8 (618.7) | 1215.9 (474.6) | 1220.5 (512.5) | 1515.5 (691.2) | 0.504 |
Beta-carotene | 869.9 (422.6) | 971.0 (433.2) | 994.0 (353.2) | 1211.2 (794.2) | 0.091 | 671.2 (362.9) | 1003.4 (372.0) | 1330.9 (470.1) | 1202.5 (73,401) | < 0.001 | 1140.6 (624.0) | 894.9 (411.5) | 911.8 (443.9) | 1080.0 (613.5) | 0.399 |
Vitamin E | 3.9 (1.9) | 4.9 (2.7) | 5.7 (2.7) | 6.2 (2.5) | 0.003 | 4.1 (2.4) | 4.8 (2.3) | 5.8 (2.4) | 6.3 (2.8) | 0.045 | 5.6 (2.1) | 4.6 (2.8) | 4.9 (2.3) | 5.3 (2.7) | 0.311 |
Vitamin C | 114.4 (32.9) | 127.2 (47.1) | 138.2 (99.9) | 129.8 (36.80 | 0.492 | 95.6 (22.0) | 137.7 (91.2) | 137.7 (31.5) | 154.2 (44.0) | 0.006 | 118.9 (26.3) | 117.4 (43.9) | 115.9 (30.1) | 146.1 (89.6) | 0.142 |
Calcium | 944.5 (230.3) | 984.1 (250.0) | 1076.7 (233.3) | 1109.6 (310.7) | 0.362 | 898.7 (251.60 | 1039.9 (240.8) | 1056.0 (180.2) | 1201.4 (302.7) | 0.024 | 950.8 (202.5) | 1028.2 (266.7) | 966.5 (269.8) | 1084.4 (272.1) | 0.132 |